Choose a song you know so well that you barely notice it beginning. Now give yourself a modest task: follow one instrument all the way through.
Pick something you can hear clearly. The bass or drums may be easier than a quiet keyboard part, but difficulty is not the point. Notice when the instrument enters, when it rests, and whether its role changes between sections. If your attention drifts to the voice, gently return.
You may discover that a supposedly repetitive part varies constantly. Or you may hear how useful exact repetition can be, providing a stable surface while other elements move. Both observations tell you something about the arrangement.
Do not worry about identifying every technique. Describing a sound as a dry click, a low sliding note, or a bright chord is enough to preserve the observation. If you later want the technical term, you will have a specific question to investigate.
Play the song once more without the task. The chosen instrument will probably remain easier to hear, but it can now rejoin the whole. This is the useful end of the experiment: not permanently taking music apart, but returning to a familiar recording with a slightly larger capacity to notice it.
